python单元测试框架

unittest官方文档 https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/unittest.html unittest不仅适用于单元测试，还可以适用于Web自动化测试用例的开发和执行

unittest核心要素

TestCase TestCase实例是一个测试用例，就是一个完整的测试流程，包括测试前的准备环境的搭建(setUp)，执行测试代码(run)，以及测试后环境的还原(tearTown)。 一个测试用例就是一个完整的测试单元TestSuite 多个测试用例集合在一起就是TestSuite，可以将测试用例添加到TestSuit集合中TextTestRunner 执行测试用例

对Math类 进行单元测试

Math.py class Math: def __init__(self,a,b): self.a=int(a) self.b=int(b) def add(self): return self.a+self.b def sub(self): return self.a-self.b 搭建测试环境 unittest_startend.py import unittest class Test_StartEnd(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): print("start up") def tearDown(self): print("end") add方法测试实例 unittest_add.py class Test_add(Test_StartEnd): def test_add(self): j=Math(5,5) self.assertEqual(j.add(),10) def test_add1(self): j=Math(-45.8,-12.9) self.assertEqual(j.add(), -57) def test_add2(self): j = Math(45.1,12.3) self.assertEqual(j.add(), 57) def test_add3(self): j=Math(64376,37463) self.assertEqual(j.add(), 101839) def test_add4(self): j= Math('1','34') self.assertEqual(j.add(), 35) sub方法测试实例

unittest_sub.py

class Test_sub(Test_StartEnd): def test_sub(self): j = Math(23,3) self.assertEqual(j.sub(),20 ) def test_sub1(self): j = Math(45.1,5.3) self.assertEqual(j.sub(), 40) def test_sub2(self): j=Math(-5,-6) self.assertEqual(j.sub(), 1) def test_sub3(self): j= Math('34','-9') self.assertEqual(j.sub(), 43) runtest.py执行测试用例 1.unittest.main()方法 2.添加测试集合方法 #构造测试集 suite=unittest.TestSuite() suite.addTest(Test_sub("test_sub")) #执行测试 runner=unittest.TextTestRunner() runner.run(suite)

3.discover方法，可以一次调用多个脚本

test_dir=r'./' discover=unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(test_dir, pattern="test_*.py") if __name__=='__main__': runner=unittest.TextTestRunner() runner.run(discover) 补充，测试用例的跳转 unittest.skip() 直接跳过测试 unittest.skipIf() 条件为真，跳过测试 unittest.skipUnless 条件为假，跳过测试 unittest.expectedFailure 预期设置失败 class Test1(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): print("Test1 start") @unittest.skipIf(4>3, "skip test_b") def test_c(self): print("test_c") @unittest.skipIf(1<0, "skip test_c") def test_b(self): print("test_b") @unittest.expectedFailure def test_a(self): self.assertEqual(1+1,0) def tearDown(self): print("Test1 end")

web测试用例

qunar自动登录测试脚本test_qunar.py from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By class qunar_Login(): def __init__(self,driver,username,password): self.driver=driver self.username=username self.password=password def login(self): element=WebDriverWait(self.driver,5).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located(By.ID,'username')) element.send_keys(self.username) element=WebDriverWait(self.driver,5).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located(By.ID,'password')) element.send_keys(self.password) element=WebDriverWait(self.driver,5).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located(By.ID,'su')) element.click() def quit(self): self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector('.退出').click() self.driver.switch_to_alert('accept') def main(): driver=webdriver.Firefox() driver.get('qunar') driver.maximize_window() driver.implicitly_wait(5) qunar_Login(driver,'user1','123').login() driver.get_screenshot_as_file(r'e:/') qunar_Login(driver,'user2','123').quit() driver.get_screenshot_as_file(r'e:/') qunar自动登录单元测试unittest_qunar.py import unittest from selenium import webdriver from qunar.test_qunar import qunar_Login class Test_qunar_login(unittest.TestCase): #构建测试环境 def setUp(self): self.driver=webdriver.Firefox() self.driver.get('qunar') self.driver.implicitly_wait(5) def test_login_case1(self): qunar_Login(self.driver,'user1','123').login() def test_login_case2(self): qunar_Login(self.driver,'user2','123').login() #退出测试环境 def tearDown(self): self.driver.quit() if __name__ =='__main__': unittest.main()

测试报告

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- from HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner import unittest import time test_dir = r'../test_project' discover=unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(test_dir,pattern="test_*.py") if __name__ == '__main__': report_dir = './' now=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S") report_name=report_dir+now+'result.html' print(report_name) with open(report_name,'wb') as f: runner=HTMLTestRunner(stream=f,title="Test Report",description="Test case result") runner.run(discover) f.close() #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- from BSTestRunner import BSTestRunner import unittest import time test_dir = r'../test_project' discover=unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(test_dir,pattern="test_*.py") if __name__ == '__main__': report_dir = './' now=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S") report_name=report_dir+now+'result.html' with open(report_name,'wb')as f: runer=BSTestRunner(stream=f,title="Test Report",description='Test case result') runer.run(discover) f.close()