centos安装mysql的三种方式

centos安装mysql的三种方式： rpm安装、源码 二进制TAR包 又称二进制glibc（无需编译）、源码 TAR包 （要编译）

下面只介绍rpm安装和二进制glibc安装

方法一：配置yum仓库安装(和方法二原理一样，都是rpm安装)

1、下载安装yum仓库

yum -y install https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

2、安装

yum -y install mysql-community-server

3、启动

systemctl start mysqld

4、查看状态

systemctl status mysqld

5、查看初始密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

6、登录测试(用初始化密码)

mysql -uroot -p

7、修改root登录密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码'; flush privileges;

8、允许root远程访问

update mysql.user set host = '%' where user ='root';

方法二：下载rpm包安装

1、下载安装包 官网 https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

国内镜像站（中国科学技术大学镜像站） http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/

wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2、解压

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

3、安装（各个rpm是有依赖的，所以要按顺序安装）

（1）rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm （2）rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 如果报错： error: Failed dependencies: mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 执行：yum -y remove mysql-libs再继续安装 （3）rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm （4）rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 如果报错： error: Failed dependencies: libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 执行：yum -y install libaio再继续安装

4、启动

systemctl start mysqld

5、查看状态

systemctl status mysqld

6、查看初始密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

7、登录测试(用初始化密码)

mysql -uroot -p

8、修改root登录密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码'; flush privileges;

9、允许root远程访问

update mysql.user set host = '%' where user ='root';

方法三：源码 二进制TAR包 又称二进制glibc 安装

1、下载二进制glibc包 官网 https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/（选择对应版本mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz）

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

国内镜像站（中国科学技术大学镜像站）

wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

2、解压

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

3、将解压目录移动到自定义目录，并改名

mv mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

4、创建用户组和用户

groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql mysql

5、创建配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] basedir=/usr/local/mysql # 基本路径 datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data #数据路径 （先在/usr/local/mysql建data目录） socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock # socket文件 symbolic-links=0 log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.log #错误日志 pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid #pid文件 [mysql] socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

6、配置环境变量

vim /etc/profile export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql export MYSQL_PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_PATH source /etc/profile

7、初始化

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 报错： error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 原因：缺少libaio库文件 解决：执行yum install libaio* -y 再重新初始化

8、修改属主属组

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

9、配置服务管理

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/ mv mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

10、启动，设置密码 因为没有初始密码，用跳过授权表的方式来启动mysql

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables &

免密登录

mysql -uroot -p 不需要输入密码直接回车 flush privileges; ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

11、重启验证密码

service mysqld restart service mysqld status

12、允许root远程访问

mysql -uroot -p update mysql.user set host = '%' where user ='root';