PO 模式 UI 自动化测试框架

一、项目结构

1、新建一个工程（一定要创建工程），工程名称自己定义，如：UiAutoTest

2、在工程下创建以下几个 pakage 包:

--config： --config.py：存放所有的配置文件、如：项目路径和数据，用例路径globalconfig.py：存放所有的目录路径--data： data.xlsx：测试数据、如：url地址，账号，密码--public： -- pages： MethodBaseClass.py：封装所有页面的公共方法，页面定位/操作方法PageElement.py：所有的页面元素封装 -- utils：封装读取文件或者 Excel 表格的工具类 getExcelValue.py：此模块使用了读取ReadExcel中封装函数从Excel文件中进行读取操作ReadExcel.py：封装读取Excel文件操作email.py 邮件收发方法--report：存放测试报告--run_all： --run_all.py：批量运行用例--TestCase： case01.py：测试用例

二、实例如下

1、config 包下的文件

""" config.py：存放所有的配置文件、如：项目路径 """ project_path = "D:/pycharm/StudyUiAutoTest" """ globalconfig.py：存放所有的目录路径 """ import os from config import conf data_path = os.path.join(conf.project_path,"data","data.xlsx") #data.xlsx文件绝对路径 # print(data_path) case_path = os.path.join(conf.project_path,"testcases") #用例存放路径 # print(case_path) report_path = os.path.join(conf.project_path,"report") #报告存放路径 # print(report_path)

2、data 包下的文件

3、public / pages 包下的文件

""" MethodBaseClass.py：封装所有页面的公共方法，页面定位/操作方法 """ class MethodBase(): def __init__(self,dirver): self.driver = dirver def find_element(self,locator): mode = locator[0] value = locator[1] try: if mode == "id" or mode == "Id" or mode == "ID": elem = self.driver.find_element_by_id(value) elif mode == "name" or mode == "Name" or mode == "NAME": elem = self.driver.find_element_by_name(value) elif mode == "xpath" or mode == "Xpath" or mode == "XPATH": elem = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(value) elif mode == "link" or mode == "Link" or mode == "LINK": elem = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(value) elif mode == "class" or mode == "Class" or mode == "CLASS": elem = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(value) else: raise NameError("mode error!") except Exception: raise NameError("{} not found!".format(locator)) else: return elem def click(self,element): element.click() def send_keys(self,element,text): element.send_keys(text) def get_title(self): return self.driver.title def get_text(self,element): return element.text def maximizewindow(self): self.driver.maximize_window() def get_url(self,url): self.driver.get(url) def wait(self,sec): self.driver.implicitly_wait(sec) def Quit(self): self.driver.quit() """ PageElement.py：所有的页面元素封装 """ class Elenmet(): #百度首页 input_box = ("id","kw") search_button = ("id","su") baidu_logo = ("id","result_logo")

4、public / utils 包下的文件

""" getExcelValue.py 封装 Excel 中获取到的数据 """ from public.utils.ReadExcel import ReadExcel class GetValue(): def getPython(self): return ReadExcel("Sheet1").getValue(1,0) def getJava(self): return ReadExcel("Sheet1").getValue(2,0) def getHtml(self): return ReadExcel("Sheet1").getValue(3,0) def getUrl(self): return ReadExcel("Sheet1").getValue(1,1) """ ReadExcel.py 封装读取Excel文件操作 """ import xlrd from config.globalconf import * class ReadExcel(): def __init__(self,sheetName): workBook = xlrd.open_workbook(data_path) self.workSheet = workBook.sheet_by_name(sheetName) def getValue(self,rowx,cols): value = self.workSheet.cell(rowx,cols).value return value if __name__ == '__main__': print(ReadExcel("Sheet1").getValue(2,0)) """ email.py 配置收发邮件 """ from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.header import Header import smtplib import time import os def send_mail(new_report): f = open(new_report, "rb") mail_body = f.read() f.close() username = "1980958xxx@qq.com" #发件箱用户名 password = "gekzdyrczcloghbx" #发件箱密码（授权码） sender = "1980958xxx@qq.com" #发件人邮箱 receiver = ["1980958xxx@qq.com"] #收件人邮箱 # 邮件正文是MIMEText msg = MIMEText(mail_body, "html", "utf-8") # 邮件对象 msg["Subject"] = Header("自动化测试报告", "utf-8").encode() msg["From"] = Header(u"测试机 <%s>"%sender) msg["To"] = Header("测试负责人 <%s>"%receiver) msg["date"] = time.strftime("%a,%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z") #发送邮件 smtp = smtplib.SMTP() smtp.connect("smtp.qq.com") # 邮箱服务器 smtp.login(username, password) # 登录邮箱 smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string()) # 发送者和接收者 smtp.quit() print("邮件已发出！注意查收。") # ======查找测试目录，找到最新生成的测试报告文件====== def new_report(test_report): lists = os.listdir(test_report) # 列出目录的下所有文件和文件夹保存到lists lists.sort(key=lambda fn: os.path.getmtime(test_report + "\\" + fn)) # 按时间排序 file_new = os.path.join(test_report, lists[-1]) # 获取最新的文件保存到file_new return file_new

5、run_all 包下的文件

import unittest from config.globalconf import * import HTMLTestRunner import time from public.utils.email import * now_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S") #获取格式化时间 filepath = report_path + "/" + str(now_time) + "TestReport.html" # 拼接测试报告路径和名称 def run_all_case(): dis = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(case_path,"case*.py") f = open(filepath,"wb") runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(stream=f) runner.run(dis) if __name__ == '__main__': run_all_case() report = new_report(report_path) send_mail(report)

6、TestCase 包下文件

from public.page.MethodBaseClass import MethodBase from selenium import webdriver from public.utils.getExcelValue import GetValue from public.page.PageElement import Elenmet as E import time import unittest import sys class Test_Case(unittest.TestCase): """ 测试用例 """ @classmethod def setUpClass(cls) -> None: url = GetValue().getUrl() driver = webdriver.Chrome() cls.dr = MethodBase(driver) cls.dr.get_url(url) cls.dr.wait(10) cls.dr.maximizewindow() time.sleep(1) @classmethod def tearDownClass(cls) -> None: time.sleep(2) cls.dr.Quit() def tearDown(self) -> None: time.sleep(2) baiduLogo = self.dr.find_element(E.baidu_logo) self.dr.click(baiduLogo) def testpython(self): inputBox = self.dr.find_element(E.input_box) #定位输入框 text = GetValue().getPython() self.dr.send_keys(inputBox,text) #输入操作 seachButton = self.dr.find_element(E.search_button) #定位百度一下按钮 self.dr.click(seachButton) #点击百度一下 time.sleep(1) title = self.dr.get_title() #获取title断言 self.assertIn(text,title,msg="Testcase {} error".format(sys._getframe().f_code.co_name)) #出现异常时带入用例名称 def testjava(self): inputBox = self.dr.find_element(E.input_box) text = GetValue().getJava() self.dr.send_keys(inputBox,text) seachButton = self.dr.find_element(E.search_button) self.dr.click(seachButton) time.sleep(1) title = self.dr.get_title() self.assertIn(text, title, msg="Testcase {} error".format(sys._getframe().f_code.co_name)) def testhtml(self): inputBox = self.dr.find_element(E.input_box) text = GetValue().getHtml() self.dr.send_keys(inputBox,text) seachButton = self.dr.find_element(E.search_button) self.dr.click(seachButton) time.sleep(1) title = self.dr.get_title() self.assertIn(text, title, msg="Testcase {} error".format(sys._getframe().f_code.co_name)) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()