Ubuntu搭建Nginx反向代理服务器

文章目录

Ubuntu搭建Nginx反向代理服务器安装验证是否安装成功 配置nginx配置文件位置编辑配置文件测试Nginx配置文件是否正确Nginx相关信息Nginx常用命令Nginx默认端口修改Nginx默认端口生效的原由

安装

sudo apt-get install nginx

验证是否安装成功

nginx -v

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配置

nginx配置文件位置

cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/

编辑配置文件

upstream ssrtest { server 127.0.0.1; } server { listen 11334; server_name 111.112.133.144; location / { proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forward-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Nginx-Proxy true; proxy_pass http://ssrtest; proxy_redirect off; } }

以上配置实现的功能是将127.0.0.1的80端口映射到了111.112.133.144主机的11334端口上（已成功验证）

测试Nginx配置文件是否正确

nginx -t

Nginx相关信息

默认安装位置： /usr/sbin/nginx：主程序 /etc/nginx：存放配置文件 /usr/share/nginx：存放静态文件 /var/log/nginx：存放日志

Nginx常用命令

nginx常用命令 nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 启动nginx(windows下start nginx); nginx -s quit 停止ngix nginx -s reload 重新载入nginx(当配置信息发生修改时) nginx -s reopen 打开日志文件 nginx -v 查看版本 nginx -t 查看nginx的配置文件的目录 nginx -h 查看帮助信息

Nginx默认端口修改

Nginx默认工作在80端口上，这个和上面的修改反响代理的配置文件之间是没有影响的

Nginx默认端口生效的原由

查看配置文件cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

user www-data; worker_processes auto; pid /run/nginx.pid; include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; # server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # SSL Settings ## ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; # gzip_vary on; # gzip_proxied any; # gzip_comp_level 6; # gzip_buffers 16 8k; # gzip_http_version 1.1; # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } #mail { # # See sample authentication script at: # # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript # # # auth_http localhost/auth.php; # # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER"; # # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS"; # # server { # listen localhost:110; # protocol pop3; # proxy on; # } # # server { # listen localhost:143; # protocol imap; # proxy on; # } #}

上面的配置文件中包含include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; ，跟进这个文件cat /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

## # You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding # of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx. # https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/ # https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/config_pitfalls/ # https://wiki.debian.org/Nginx/DirectoryStructure # # In most cases, administrators will remove this file from sites-enabled/ and # leave it as reference inside of sites-available where it will continue to be # updated by the nginx packaging team. # # This file will automatically load configuration files provided by other # applications, such as Drupal or Wordpress. These applications will be made # available underneath a path with that package name, such as /drupal8. # # Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples. ## # Default server configuration # server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server; # SSL configuration # # listen 443 ssl default_server; # listen [::]:443 ssl default_server; # # Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic. # See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332 # # Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration. # See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782 # # Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package # Don't use them in a production server! # # include snippets/snakeoil.conf; root /var/www/html; # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html; server_name _; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } # pass PHP scripts to FastCGI server # #location ~ \.php$ { # include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; # # # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets): # fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock; # # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets): # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # Virtual Host configuration for example.com # # You can move that to a different file under sites-available/ and symlink that # to sites-enabled/ to enable it. # #server { # listen 80; # listen [::]:80; # # server_name example.com; # # root /var/www/example.com; # index index.html; # # location / { # try_files $uri $uri/ =404; # } #}

显然的在这份配置文件中我们能够找到默认的Nginx是监听80端口的，因此修改之前的反向代理的配置文件的时候，只填写127.0.0.1,便可以访问到Nginx的初始欢迎页面