前言

python使用minidom处理xml还是比较麻烦的，网上很多资料都是断断续续的一部分，不成体统。这里写一个demo，把常用xml解析操作：读写文件、解析节点、添加节点、解析属性、添加属性、解析节点值和修改节点值等，都包含进来的。供各位读者参考

实现

demo实现的功能是从input.xml文件中读取xml并协议，将解析内容输出，然后再将内容组装成xml写进output.xml文件中。 input.txt文件内容如下:

<school> <class> <name>class1</name> <student age='8'>zhangsan</student> <student age='8'>lisi</student> </class> <class> <name>class2</name> <student age='8'>wangwu</student> <student age='8'>zhaoliu</student> </class> </school>

代码如下:

# coding=utf-8 # !/usr/bin/python3 import os import xml.dom.minidom as minidom import codecs class Student: def __init__(self): self.age = 0 self.name = '' def __str__(self): return "[name:" + self.name + ",age:" + str(self.age) + ']' class Class: def __init__(self): self.students = [] self.name = '' def __str__(self): result = '[name:' + self.name + ',Student:[' for student in self.students: result += str(student) + ',' result += ']]' return result def ReadXml(): xml_path = "input.xml" if not os.path.isfile(xml_path): return [] dom = minidom.parse(xml_path) school_node = dom.documentElement # 获取到的根节点 class_nodes = school_node.getElementsByTagName('class') result = [] for class_node in class_nodes: temp_class = Class() temp_class.name = class_node.getElementsByTagName("name")[0].childNodes[0].data # 获取name节点的值 student_nodes = class_node.getElementsByTagName('student') for student_node in student_nodes: tmp_student = Student() tmp_student.name = student_node.childNodes[0].data tmp_student.age = int(student_node.getAttribute('age')) # 获取属性值 temp_class.students.append(tmp_student) result.append(temp_class) return result # 写xml def WriteXml(class_list): dom = minidom.Document() school_node = dom.createElement("school") dom.appendChild(school_node) for tmp_class in class_list: class_node = dom.createElement("class") # 创建class节点 class_name_node = dom.createElement("name") # 创建name节点 text_node = dom.createTextNode(str(tmp_class.name)) # 创建字符节点 class_name_node.appendChild(text_node) # 将字符节点加到name节点 class_node.appendChild(class_name_node) # 将name节点加到class节点 school_node.appendChild(class_node) for student in tmp_class.students: student_node = dom.createElement("student") student_node.setAttribute('age', str(student.age)) # 设置age属性 text_node = dom.createTextNode(str(student.name)) student_node.appendChild(text_node) class_node.appendChild(student_node) with codecs.open('output.xml', 'wb', 'utf-8') as f: dom.writexml(f, newl='\n', encoding='utf-8') if __name__ == '__main__': class_list = ReadXml() for tmp_class in class_list: print tmp_class WriteXml(class_list)

生成的output.xml如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <school> <class> <name>class1</name> <student age="8">zhangsan</student> <student age="8">lisi</student> </class> <class> <name>class2</name> <student age="8">wangwu</student> <student age="8">zhaoliu</student> </class> </school>