OpenShift 4.5 新特性 - 创建任务和定时任务

tech2022-12-23 99

《OpenShift 4.x HOL教程汇总》

文章目录

通过YAML创建创建Job创建CronJob 使用命令创建Job创建CronJob 在Kubernetes中分贝使用Job和CronJob实现一次性运行的任务和定时运行的的任务，他们分别被Kubernetes的JobController和CronJobController控制器所控制，而这些任务都是通过Pod运行的。在创建Job和CronJob对象的时候，既可以使用定义对象的YAML文件，还可使用命令直接创建。需要注意的是，从OpenShift 4.5开始，在使用oc命令创建Job和CronJob对象的时候只能使用“oc create job”和“oc create cronjob”命令。而原有“oc run”命令已经不能创建Job和CronJob对象了，它只能运行1个指定pod。

通过YAML创建

创建Job

创建项目 $ oc create project myjob 在OpenShift控制台的项目中直接运行以下创建Job的YAML脚本。 apiVersion: batch/v1 kind: Job metadata: name: pi spec: parallelism: 1 completions: 1 activeDeadlineSeconds: 1800 backoffLimit: 6 template: metadata: name: pi spec: containers: - name: pi image: perl command: ["perl", "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"] restartPolicy: OnFailure 查看job和pod，在pod为“Completed”状态后查看它的日志。注意：从对象名称可以看出，这种方法是先创建Job对象，然后再通过有Job对象生成的对应Pod对象。 $ oc get job NAME COMPLETIONS DURATION AGE pi 1/1 33s 7m37s $ oc get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE pi-kxdcr 0/1 Completed 0 7m40s $ oc logs pod/pi-kxdcr 3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209749445923078164062862089986280348253421170679821480865132823066470938446095505822317253594081284811174502841027019385211055596446229489549303819644288109756659334461284756482337867831652712019091456485669234603486104543266482133936072602491412737245870066063155881748815209209628292540917153643678925903600113305305488204665213841469519415116094330572703657595919530921861173819326117931051185480744623799627495673518857527248912279381830119491298336733624406566430860213949463952247371907021798609437027705392171762931767523846748184676694051320005681271452635608277857713427577896091736371787214684409012249534301465495853710507922796892589235420199561121290219608640344181598136297747713099605187072113499999983729780499510597317328160963185950244594553469083026425223082533446850352619311881710100031378387528865875332083814206171776691473035982534904287554687311595628638823537875937519577818577805321712268066130019278766111959092164201989380952572010654858632788659361533818279682303019520353018529689957736225994138912497217752834791315155748572424541506959508295331168617278558890750983817546374649393192550604009277016711390098488240128583616035637076601047101819429555961989467678374494482553797747268471040475346462080466842590694912933136770289891521047521620569660240580381501935112533824300355876402474964732639141992726042699227967823547816360093417216412199245863150302861829745557067498385054945885869269956909272107975093029553211653449872027559602364806654991198818347977535663698074265425278625518184175746728909777727938000816470600161452491921732172147723501414419735685481613611573525521334757418494684385233239073941433345477624168625189835694855620992192221842725502542568876717904946016534668049886272327917860857843838279679766814541009538837863609506800642251252051173929848960841284886269456042419652850222106611863067442786220391949450471237137869609563643719172874677646575739624138908658326459958133904780275901

创建CronJob

在OpenShift控制台的项目中直接运行以下创建CronJob的YAML脚本。 apiVersion: batch/v1 kind: CronJob metadata: name: hello-job spec: schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: spec: template: spec: containers: - name: hello image: busybox args: - /bin/sh - -c - date; echo Hello from the Kubernetes cluster restartPolicy: OnFailure 通过命令行或控制台查看创建的hello-job。 $ oc get cronjob -n myjob NAME SCHEDULE SUSPEND ACTIVE LAST SCHEDULE AGE hello-job */1 * * * * False 1 7s 14m

3. 查看hello-job的详细信息。注意下方有和该对象相关的Events，从时间轴可以看出，当需要创建第4个Pod运行Job的时候，OpenShift删删掉第一个创建Pod。这样就一直保持运行hello-job的Pod数量最多为3个，这和hello-job对象的“Successful Job History Limit”参数定义的是一致的。

$ oc describe cronjob hello-job -n myjob Name: hello-job Namespace: myjob Labels: <none> Annotations: <none> Schedule: */1 * * * * Concurrency Policy: Allow Suspend: False Successful Job History Limit: 3 Failed Job History Limit: 1 Starting Deadline Seconds: <unset> Selector: <unset> Parallelism: <unset> Completions: <unset> Pod Template: Labels: <none> Containers: hello: Image: busybox Port: <none> Host Port: <none> Args: /bin/sh -c date; echo Hello from the Kubernetes cluster Environment: <none> Mounts: <none> Volumes: <none> Last Schedule Time: Thu, 03 Sep 2020 03:47:00 +0000 Active Jobs: <none> Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal SuccessfulCreate 15m cronjob-controller Created job hello-job-1599103920 Normal SawCompletedJob 15m cronjob-controller Saw completed job: hello-job-1599103920, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulCreate 14m cronjob-controller Created job hello-job-1599103980 Normal SawCompletedJob 14m cronjob-controller Saw completed job: hello-job-1599103980, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulCreate 13m cronjob-controller Created job hello-job-1599104040 Normal SawCompletedJob 13m cronjob-controller Saw completed job: hello-job-1599104040, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulCreate 12m cronjob-controller Created job hello-job-1599104100 Normal SuccessfulDelete 12m cronjob-controller Deleted job hello-job-1599103920 Normal SawCompletedJob 12m cronjob-controller Saw completed job: hello-job-1599104100, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulCreate 11m cronjob-controller Created job hello-job-1599104160 Normal SawCompletedJob 11m cronjob-controller Saw completed job: hello-job-1599104160, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulDelete 11m cronjob-controller Deleted job hello-job-1599103980 Normal SuccessfulCreate 10m cronjob-controller Created job hello-job-1599104220 Normal SuccessfulDelete 10m cronjob-controller Deleted job hello-job-1599104040 Normal SawCompletedJob 10m cronjob-controller Saw completed job: hello-job-1599104220, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulCreate 9m50s cronjob-controller Created job hello-job-1599104280 Normal SawCompletedJob 9m40s cronjob-controller Saw completed job: hello-job-1599104280, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulDelete 9m40s cronjob-controller Deleted job hello-job-1599104100 Normal SuccessfulCreate 8m49s cronjob-controller Created job hello-job-1599104340 Normal SawCompletedJob 8m39s cronjob-controller Saw completed job: hello-job-1599104340, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulDelete 8m39s cronjob-controller Deleted job hello-job-1599104160 Normal SuccessfulCreate 7m49s cronjob-controller Created job hello-job-1599104400 Normal SawCompletedJob 7m39s cronjob-controller Saw completed job: hello-job-1599104400, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulDelete 7m39s cronjob-controller Deleted job hello-job-1599104220 Normal SawCompletedJob 5m37s (x2 over 6m38s) cronjob-controller (combined from similar events): Saw completed job: hello-job-1599104520, status: Complete Normal SuccessfulCreate 43s (x7 over 6m48s) cronjob-controller (combined from similar events): Created job hello-job-1599104820 在OpenShift控制台的hello-job中查看相关的Event。查看运行的job数量。 $ oc get job -n myjob NAME COMPLETIONS DURATION AGE hello-job-1599105120 1/1 7s 3m3s hello-job-1599105180 1/1 8s 2m2s hello-job-1599105240 1/1 7s 61s hello-job-1599105300 0/1 0s 查看运行的pod数量，它和job数量一致，同时最多保持3个Pod。 $ oc get pod -n myjob NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE hello-job-1599104580-b2gqw 0/1 Completed 0 3m8s hello-job-1599104640-kv9ml 0/1 Completed 0 2m8s hello-job-1599104700-g2jmv 0/1 Completed 0 67s hello-job-1599104760-dtwz6 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 6s

使用命令

创建Job

运行以下命令，创建运行Job的Pod。 $ oc create job pi --image=perl -- perl -Mbignum=bpi -wle 'print bpi(2000)' 查看Job和Pod对象。注意：从查到的对象可以看出，这种方法是是直接生成Pod对象并运行，而没有创建Job对象。 $ oc get job $ oc get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE pi-job 0/1 Completed 0 33s

创建CronJob

执行命令，创建CronJob。注意：当有“–schedule=’*/1 * * * *’”参数的时候，会自动生成CronJob对象。而Job对象是由CronJob对象生成的。 $ oc create cronjob pi --image=perl --schedule='*/1 * * * *' -- perl -Mbignum=bpi -wle 'print bpi(2000)' 查看CronJob

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